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Performance

In this section, you will use Docker containers running directly on EC2 instances. Running Cassandra on Docker is one of the most common use-cases of Portworx. Note that you can choose a different method of installing Cassandra, depending on your orchestration environment.

Set up the environment

  1. Create three Docker containers on three AWS r4.2xlarge machines with 60GB of RAM and 120GB of disk space available for Portworx.

  2. Create a three-node Portworx cluster. On each container, enter the following command, replacing the following values to match your environment:

    • The address of your etcd endpoint (this example uses etcd://172.31.45.219:4001)
    • The cluster ID (this example uses PXCassTest001)

    • The list of storage devices your Portworx node should use (this example uses /dev/xvdb)

      docker run --restart=always --name px -d --net=host      \
       --privileged=true                             \
       -v /run/docker/plugins:/run/docker/plugins    \
       -v /var/lib/osd:/var/lib/osd:shared           \
       -v /dev:/dev                                  \
       -v /etc/pwx:/etc/pwx                          \
       -v /opt/pwx/bin:/export_bin:shared            \
       -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock  \
       -v /var/cores:/var/cores                      \
       -v /usr/src:/usr/src                          \
       --ipc=host                                    \
       portworx/px-enterprise -daemon -k etcd://172.31.45.219:4001 -c PXCassTest001 -s /dev/xvdb

  3. Create three Portworx volumes. Enter the following pxctl volume create command specifying the following:

    • The name of your volume (this example uses “CVOL-hostname”)
    • The --size flag with the size of your disk (this example creates 60GB disks)

    • The --nodes flag as LocalNode

      pxctl volume create CVOL-`hostname` --size 60 --nodes LocalNode

  4. List your volumes:

    pxctl volume list
    ID                      NAME                    SIZE    HA      SHARED  ENCRYPTED       IO_PRIORITY     SCALE   STATUS
999260470129557090      CVOL-ip-172-31-32-188   60 GiB  1       no      no              LOW             1       up - detached
973892635505817385      CVOL-ip-172-31-45-219   60 GiB  1       no      no              LOW             1       up - detached
446982770798983273      CVOL-ip-172-31-47-121   60 GiB  1       no      no              LOW             1       up - detached

  5. Create three Cassandra containers that are using the new Portworx volumes.

    NOTE: Portworx uses port 7000, which is Cassandra’s default data and storage port. To avoid a conflict, you must edit your cassandra.yaml file manually. This step is not required if you are running on Kubernetes or Mesosphere.

  6. On each node, set the following environment variables that are pointing to the IP addresses of your nodes:

    NODE_1_IP=<IP-OF-THE-FIRST-NODE>
NODE_2_IP=<IP-OF-THE-SECOND-NODE>
NODE_3_IP=<IP-OF-THE-THIRD-NODE>

  7. Use the docker run command to launch your Cassandra containers:

    • On the first node:

      docker run  --name cass-`hostname` -e CASSANDRA_BROADCAST_ADDRESS=`hostname -i`      \
      -p 17000:17000 -p 7001:7001 -p 9042:9042 -p 9160:9160 -p 7199:7199       \
      -v /etc/cassandra:/etc/cassandra                                         \
      -v CVOL-`hostname`:/var/lib/cassandra                                    \
      -d cassandra:latest

    • On the second node:

      docker run  --name cass-`hostname` -e CASSANDRA_BROADCAST_ADDRESS=`hostname -i`      \
      -e CASSANDRA_SEEDS=${NODE_1_IP}                                          \
      -p 17000:17000 -p 7001:7001 -p 9042:9042 -p 9160:9160 -p 7199:7199       \
      -v /etc/cassandra:/etc/cassandra                                         \
      -v CVOL-`hostname`:/var/lib/cassandra                                    \
      -d cassandra:latest

    • On the third node:

      docker run  --name cass-`hostname` -e CASSANDRA_BROADCAST_ADDRESS=`hostname -i`      \
      -e CASSANDRA_SEEDS=${NODE_1_IP},${NODE_2_IP}                             \
      -p 17000:17000 -p 7001:7001 -p 9042:9042 -p 9160:9160 -p 7199:7199       \
      -v /etc/cassandra:/etc/cassandra                                         \
      -v CVOL-`hostname`:/var/lib/cassandra                                    \
      -d cassandra:latest

  8. Verify your installation. Use the following docker exec command to run the nodetool status command on one of your Cassandra containers, replacing the IP address of the Cassandra container to match your environment.

    docker exec -it cass-ip-<IP-ADDRESS> sh -c 'nodetool status'
      Datacenter: datacenter1
  =======================
  Status=Up/Down
  |/ State=Normal/Leaving/Joining/Moving
  --  Address        Load       Tokens       Owns (effective)   Host ID                               Rack
  UN  172.31.32.188  108.65 KiB  256          65.7%             7aa8a83e-1378-4aa1-b9d2-3008b3550b69  rack1
  UN  172.31.45.219  84.33 KiB  256           66.0%             b455c82e-9649-4724-adf1-dae09ec2c616  rack1
  UN  172.31.47.121  108.29 KiB  256          68.3%             26ffac02-2975-4921-b5d0-54f3274bfe84  rack1

Run the performance test

  1. Simultaneously execute the cassandra-stress command on each node. The following example command performs a stress test that starts four threads and inserts 10.000 objects in the TestKEYSPACE keyspace:

    • On the first node

      docker exec -it cass-`hostname` cassandra-stress write n=10000                 \
cl=quorum -mode native cql3 -rate threads=4 -schema keyspace="TestKEYSPACE01"  \
"replication(factor=2)" -pop seq=1..10000 -log file=~/Test_10Kwrite_001.log    \
-node ${NODE_1_IP},${NODE_2_IP},${NODE_3_IP}
      ******************** Stress Settings ********************
Command:
Type: write
Count: 10,000
No Warmup: false
Consistency Level: QUORUM
Target Uncertainty: not applicable
Key Size (bytes): 10
Counter Increment Distibution: add=fixed(1)
Rate:
Auto: false
Thread Count: 4
OpsPer Sec: 0
Population:
Sequence: 1..10000
Order: ARBITRARY
Wrap: true
Insert:
Revisits: Uniform:  min=1,max=1000000
Visits: Fixed:  key=1
Row Population Ratio: Ratio: divisor=1.000000;delegate=Fixed:  key=1
Batch Type: not batching
Columns:
Max Columns Per Key: 5
Column Names: [C0, C1, C2, C3, C4]
Comparator: AsciiType
Timestamp: null
Variable Column Count: false
Slice: false
Size Distribution: Fixed:  key=34
Count Distribution: Fixed:  key=5
Errors:
Ignore: false
Tries: 10
Log:
No Summary: false
No Settings: false
File: /root/Test_10Kwrite_001.log
Interval Millis: 1000
Level: NORMAL
Mode:
API: JAVA_DRIVER_NATIVE
Connection Style: CQL_PREPARED
CQL Version: CQL3
Protocol Version: V4
Username: null
Password: null
Auth Provide Class: null
Max Pending Per Connection: 128
Connections Per Host: 8
Compression: NONE
Node:
Nodes: [172.31.32.188, 172.31.45.219, 172.31.47.121]
Is White List: false
Datacenter: null
Schema:
Keyspace: TestKEYSPACE
Replication Strategy: org.apache.cassandra.locator.SimpleStrategy
Replication Strategy Pptions: {replication_factor=2}
Table Compression: null
Table Compaction Strategy: null
Table Compaction Strategy Options: {}
Transport:
factory=org.apache.cassandra.thrift.TFramedTransportFactory; truststore=null; truststore-password=null; keystore=null; keystore-password=null; ssl-protocol=TLS; ssl-alg=SunX509; store-type=JKS; ssl-ciphers=TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA;
Port:
Native Port: 9042
Thrift Port: 9160
JMX Port: 7199
Send To Daemon:
*not set*
Graph:
File: null
Revision: unknown
Title: null
Operation: WRITE
TokenRange:
Wrap: false
Split Factor: 1

Connected to cluster: Test Cluster, max pending requests per connection 128, max connections per host 8
Datatacenter: datacenter1; Host: /172.31.32.188; Rack: rack1
Datatacenter: datacenter1; Host: /172.31.45.219; Rack: rack1
Datatacenter: datacenter1; Host: /172.31.47.121; Rack: rack1
Created keyspaces. Sleeping 3s for propagation.
Sleeping 2s...
Warming up WRITE with 7500 iterations...
Failed to connect over JMX; not collecting these stats
Running WRITE with 4 threads for 10000 iteration
Failed to connect over JMX; not collecting these stats
type       total ops,    op/s,    pk/s,   row/s,    mean,     med,     .95,     .99,    .999,     max,   time,   stderr, errors,  gc: #,  max ms,  sum ms,  sdv ms,      mb
total,          1303,    1303,    1303,    1303,     1.8,     1.2,     4.9,    11.0,    17.0,    21.7,    1.0,  0.00000,      0,      0,       0,       0,       0,       0
total,          4324,    3021,    3021,    3021,     1.3,     1.1,     2.3,     6.1,    12.8,    14.9,    2.0,  0.27888,      0,      0,       0,       0,       0,       0
total,          7819,    3495,    3495,    3495,     1.1,     1.1,     1.3,     2.0,    11.0,    16.7,    3.0,  0.20770,      0,      0,       0,       0,       0,       0
total,         10000,    2692,    2692,    2692,     1.5,     1.1,     3.3,     9.2,    12.1,    13.5,    3.8,  0.15468,      0,      0,       0,       0,       0,       0


Results:
Op rate                   :    2,624 op/s  [WRITE: 2,624 op/s]
Partition rate            :    2,624 pk/s  [WRITE: 2,624 pk/s]
Row rate                  :    2,624 row/s [WRITE: 2,624 row/s]
Latency mean              :    1.3 ms [WRITE: 1.3 ms]
Latency median            :    1.1 ms [WRITE: 1.1 ms]
Latency 95th percentile   :    2.2 ms [WRITE: 2.2 ms]
Latency 99th percentile   :    7.5 ms [WRITE: 7.5 ms]
Latency 99.9th percentile :   12.9 ms [WRITE: 12.9 ms]
Latency max               :   21.7 ms [WRITE: 21.7 ms]
Total partitions          :     10,000 [WRITE: 10,000]
Total errors              :          0 [WRITE: 0]
Total GC count            : 0
Total GC memory           : 0.000 KiB
Total GC time             :    0.0 seconds
Avg GC time               :    NaN ms
StdDev GC time            :    0.0 ms
Total operation time      : 00:00:03

END

  • On the second node:

    docker exec -it cass-`hostname` cassandra-stress write n=10000                  \
  cl=quorum -mode native cql3 -rate threads=4 -schema keyspace="TestKEYSPACE01"   \
  "replication(factor=2)" -pop seq=10001..20000 -log file=~/Test_10Kwrite_002.log \
  -node ${NODE_1_IP},${NODE_2_IP},${NODE_3_IP}

  • On the third node:

    docker exec -it cass-`hostname` cassandra-stress write n=10000                   \
  cl=quorum -mode native cql3 -rate threads\>=72 -schema keyspace="TestKEYSPACE01" \
  "replication(factor=2)" -pop seq=20001..30000 -log file=~/Test_10Kwrite_003.log  \
  -node ${NODE_1_IP},${NODE_2_IP},${NODE_3_IP}
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Last edited: Tuesday, May 9, 2023
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